Holy Roman Empire in Germany: became the Holy Roman Empire when Pope John XII proclaimed Otto of Saxony emperor in 962.
French Monarchy: began when nobles elected Hugh Capet as king in 987.
English Monarchy: began when William the Conqueror invaded England in 1066.
Regional States in Italy, Spain, and Portugal: were based on powerful trading cities and religious groups.
Technological Advaces
The horse shoe: helped to prevent the splitting of the horse's hooves in the soil.
The horse collar: improved the amount of land that could be cultivated by allowing the horses to pull a heavier load without choking from the weight they pulled.
There were also advances in textile production, especially in wool production.
These technological advances increased the amount of surplus crop, which in turn allowed the population to grow.
Technological Advaces
- The horse shoe: helped to prevent the splitting of the horse's hooves in the soil.
- The horse collar: improved the amount of land that could be cultivated by allowing the horses to pull a heavier load without choking from the weight they pulled.
- There were also advances in textile production, especially in wool production.
These technological advances increased the amount of surplus crop, which in turn allowed the population to grow.approved by: jenny voll
Approved by: Lauren Smyle
Approved by:Garrett Cabral
Approved by:Brett Krumenacker
Saeed Approves!